Internet of Medical Things (IoMT): Applications, Benefits, Devices & Future in Healthcare Internet of Medical Things devices (IoMT) are transforming the health industry at a very fast rate by integrating health-related devices, IoMT applications in healthcare, and services with internet technology. As healthcare systems globally are shifting towards value-based care, IoMT in health offers a promising array of solutions to enhance patient outcomes, business performance, and decision-making in real-time. For B2B healthcare stakeholders such as device companies, payers, health IT companies, and hospitals, understanding IoMT is essential to be competitive and future-ready. From telemedicine patient monitoring to AI-driven diagnostics, IoMT is revolutionizing the delivery, management, and experience of care. What is IoMT? These devices are really great, they do a lot for the patient who interprets health data collected by the devices into a digital platform. For instance, these devices send real-time health data to reporting systems, and clinicians can view patient health information continuously to avoid problems sooner and make decisions quickly, based on relevant data. IoMT brings physical devices such as monitors, wearables, and other hospital-based medical equipment into cloud computing and analytics. Unlike traditional IoT, however, it is a rollout extension specifically catalyzed in a healthcare environment and follows healthcare standards and regulations. With the digital revolution picking up momentum, the IoMT medical devices market is to grow exponentially with the growth fueled by trends of chronic disease management, aging populations, and telemedicine delivery. How does IoMT Works? IoMT operates on a technologically advanced yet efficient chain of networked devices, cloud infrastructure, and analysis engines. This is how it works: Data Acquisition: Patient data is gathered through sensor-based devices such as heart rate monitors and other blood sugar monitoring devices like oxygenation sensors for blood levels. Linkage: Such information is transmitted wirelessly over Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or through cellular networks for uploading from the healthcare systems into cloud-enabled platforms. Collation: This information is cataloged and saved in Electronic Health Records (EHRs) and in various other clinical databases. Analysis: Pattern detection among deviation finding and action-taking is done by the data through Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence algorithms. Alerts and Actions: Live alerts are sent to healthcare providers, allowing for faster response rates and improved-quality delivery of care. This is the foundation for patient monitoring and asset tracking, inventory tracking, and process improvement in healthcare organizations. IoMT Device Types There are a variety of IoMT medical devices, each with a different application in the healthcare delivery process: 1. Wearables Such as devices like smartwatches, ECG monitors, and fitness trackers monitor physical health information and transmit them real-time to physicians or mobile applications. 2. Home Monitoring Devices They are online-enabled blood pressure meters, electronic thermometers, glucometers, and oxygen levels monitors. They are pivotal to home monitoring of patients and management of chronic diseases. 3. Implantable Devices Pacemakers, insulin pumps, and neurostimulators are some of the products that fall under this category. The products continuously monitor and report round the clock, and this has the impact of enhancing patient safety as well as early detection. 4. Clinical-Grade Hospital Equipment In the hospital context, IoMT in hospitals involves smart beds, mobile imaging devices, and networked infusion pumps that track usage, maintenance requirements, and patient response. 5. Telemedicine Kits IoMT allows high-quality remote consultations with equipment such as digital stethoscopes, high-definition video cameras, and real-time diagnostic devices. Advantages of IoMT IoMT offers various strategic advantages to health care institutions and technology vendors. The major advantages of IoMT are: 1. Real-Time Remote Monitoring With IoMT and tele-patient monitoring, physicians can track patients’ vital signs remotely, minimizing hospital visits and chronic care enhancements. 2. Operational Efficiency IoMT also maximizes functionality by enabling predictive equipment maintenance, supply chain automation, and patient flow optimization via data analytics. 3. Lowered Costs Complication prevention, reduced readmissions, and less workload via manual reduction, IoMT enables healthcare systems to minimize the cost of care while not affecting quality. 4. Enhanced Patient Engagement Home wearables and monitoring sensors that engage patients have a greater likelihood of adopting proactive disease management, increasing adherence and outcomes. 5. Data-Driven Decision-Making Inextricably linked, IoMT platforms offer clinicians real-time data, enabling earlier and more individualized treatment protocols. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Challenges and Risks of IoMT While optimistic, IoMT also faces several technical as well as operational challenges that need to be tackled by the stakeholders: 1. Cybersecurity Threats IoMT cybersecurity in healthcare is of the utmost importance. These devices are vulnerable targets unless secured. Vulnerabilities include data breaches, ransomware, to illegal entry into underlying systems. 2. Confidentiality and Compliance Handles sensitive patient information with great concern for data protection laws like HIPAA (USA) or GDPR (EU). IoMT patient data protection is both technical as well as regulatory. 3. Interoperability Issues IoMT devices are on various platforms or standards, and it is difficult to integrate them with the hospital system. Poor interoperability not only does it inhibits scalability but also affects accuracy in data. 4. Implementation Costs Although long-term ROI is desirable, front-end costs, device purchase, IT infrastructure replacement, and employee training, are conceivable. 5. Reliability and Accuracy of Devices Medical devices are required to provide accurate, trustworthy information. Device failure or false signals can result in tardy or misguided treatments. Future of IoMT in Healthcare The future of IoMT is also surrounded by big healthcare innovation and digital health trends. This is what’s coming next: 1. AI-Powered Healthcare The integration of IoMT and AI in healthcare will provide advanced diagnostics, workflow automation, and real-time clinical decision support. 2. Edge Computing & 5G Improved and faster connectivity will allow devices to provide local computation (edge computing) in hopes of reducing latency and delivering real-time insights in the majority of acute care settings. 3. Blockchain for Data Safety Blockchain was investigated as the technology for safe, open, and tamper-evident records for IoMT patient data safety. 4. Predictive and Preventive Care More smart IoMT will make predictive
Robotic Process Automation (RPA): What It Is, How It Works, and Use Cases The contemporary business environment runs at the pace of velocity, efficiency, and precision. The world is racing fast, so companies are continuously looking for the means to automate routine tasks and cut costs. One of the most innovative technologies to achieve the same is Robotic Process Automation (RPA). Automation has existed for decades in the past, but RPA is a fresh idea that operates very well with digital platforms without necessitating revolutionary IT reworks. This article describes what RPA is, how RPA works, robotic process automation workflow, RPA applications by industry, and the future of automation. What is Robotic Process Automation? Robotic Process Automation refers to the automation of structured and repetitive business processes by software robots. RPA is different from conventional automation, which demands much coding expertise. RPA can be applied with very minimal programming expertise. The software robots have the capability of performing any type of activity, from data extraction and processing of transactions to sending automated e-mails. RPA is applied by the majority of RPA in business companies to facilitate automation, enhance customer satisfaction, and assist employees in performing more meaningful work rather than repetitive ones. How RPA Works To appreciate its worth, one should understand how RPA works. In real life, RPA technology communicates with programs in the same manner as human beings clicking buttons, filling in forms with data, copying data, and dragging and dropping files but faster and more precisely. How it works is normally the following processes: Identify the Task – Identify the rule-based repeatable task that can be automated. Design the Workflow – Give the sequence of activities used to accomplish the task. Configure the Bot – Employ robotic process automation software to automate the bot to follow the workflow. Test the Automation – Test that the bot executes tasks flawlessly without bottlenecks. Deploy the Bot – Employ it in daily operations. Monitor and Maintain – Monitor performance and upgrade as processes evolve. Elements of an RPA Workflow A robotic process automation process is made up of a number of linked pieces: Input Triggers – Triggers to initiate automation, for example, receipt of email or file. Data Processing – Extraction and restructuring data based on predefined rules. System Interaction – Performing actions between multiple software tools such as CRMs, ERPs, or databases. Output Generation – Generating reports, notifications, or updating records. This work is developed by professionals who have domain knowledge, which in the context of RPA developer roles would be the people ensuring that the bots are running smoothly and securely. Benefits of Robotic Process Automation Robotic process automation benefits cross across lines of an industry as well as a business function. Some of the key benefits of robotic process automation are: Cost Savings – Automation negates labor expenses by handling high volumes of repetitive tasks. Accuracy – Robots remove human errors, and therefore there is consistency and precise output. Speed – Activities that would take hours to complete in the past can now be completed in minutes. Scale – Businesses can upgrade the number of bots for processing increased loads. Staff Satisfaction – Workers are relieved of redundant work to engage in strategic, value-critical work. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation RPA vs AI RPA vs AI are, at times, compared, but the two are not quite alike, even though both are automation tools. RPA runs under set rules and workflows, while AI involves learning, making decisions, and adapting to new situations. In real life, they seem to go hand in hand. AI can learn and decide what action to take, but RPA executes the resultant actions. ● RPA Use Cases in Different Industries There are a number of RPA use cases where automation provides real advantages. The most relevant examples are elaborated below. ● Banking and Finance In the banking sector, RPA in finance is implemented for fraud detection, compliance reporting, loan servicing, and onboarding customers. Bots can process massive transaction volumes without an error, provide regulatory compliance, and achieve operational effectiveness. ● Healthcare In medicine, RPA in healthcare automates medical record management, billing, claims processing, and patient scheduling. More time for patient care is available for clinics and hospitals since there is less administrative work. ● Retail and E-commerce Retail companies utilize bot control to control inventory, process orders, and accept returns. It helps minimize fulfillment time and improve customer satisfaction. HR departments leverage automation for the onboarding of employees, payroll processing, and hiring tracking that minimizes data input. Robotic Process Automation Examples To illustrate its application, the below realistic robotic process automation examples are presented: Invoice Processing – Invoices are automatically captured and uploaded into accounting systems. Customer Support – Chatbots can automatically respond to frequently asked questions via chat or email. Data Migration – Automated transfer of data from old systems to new application software with zero human intervention. Compliance Audits – Reporting in real-time compliance with regulatory authorities. RPA Implementation Strategy To RPA implementation effectively, there is a need for good planning and stakeholder engagement. Organizations need to: Identify High-Value Processes – Select processes with high volume, high frequency, and well-defined rules. Secure Executive Support – Executive sponsorship for funding and adoption. Select the Proper Tools – Select an extendable and secure RPA platform that can be integrated with the current systems. Pilot Test – Pilot small first, scale up. Train Employees – Make the employees comfortable working with bots. Watch and Refine – Continuous monitoring of performance and optimization. RPA success depends on mapping technology to business objectives and making it regular. Role of RPA Bots in Automation At the heart of automation are RPA bots computer codes that get work done just like they were instructed. The bots can operate 24/7, handle several workflows simultaneously, and operate on numerous
VOB in Medical Billing: What It Means and Why It Matters Healthcare billing gives many providers headaches. Getting paid for services shouldn’t be this complicated, but insurance companies make it tough. Verification of benefits in healthcare stands out as one step that can save practices from major problems down the road. Insurance plans keep getting more confusing each year. What used to be simple coverage now involves multiple layers of approvals, different cost levels, and endless rules. Smart healthcare providers check patient benefits before starting any treatment. This simple step prevents nasty surprises that can hurt both the practice and patients. What is VOB (Verification of Benefits)? VOB means checking what a patient’s insurance will pay before you treat them. The VOB process in medical billing involves contacting insurance companies or using online tools to find out coverage details. Think of it like calling ahead to make sure a restaurant takes your credit card before you order dinner. This goes way beyond just asking “Do you have insurance?” Real verification digs into the specifics. How much does the patient owe upfront? What treatments does their plan cover? Do they need special permission for certain procedures? These details matter when it comes to getting paid. Most practices now use computer systems that connect directly to insurance databases. These tools give quick answers about basic coverage. But computers miss things sometimes. The tricky cases still need a human touch – actual phone calls to insurance reps who can explain the fine print. Key Components Verified During VOB A solid VOB checklist for insurance covers several must-have items. Active coverage comes first. Just because someone has an insurance card doesn’t mean their plan is current. People lose coverage when they miss premium payments or change jobs. Deductible amounts need checking too. This is how much patients pay out of pocket before insurance kicks in. Some plans have different deductibles for office visits versus hospital stays. Others reset every year in January. Getting this wrong means surprises for everyone. Copay and coinsurance details matter for every visit. Copays are flat fees like $25 for office visits. Coinsurance is percentage-based – maybe the patient pays 20% while insurance covers 80%. These amounts change based on whether you’re in their network or not. Coverage limits and exclusions trip up many providers. Insurance companies love to exclude certain treatments or limit visit numbers. Mental health might have different rules from physical therapy. Knowing these limits upfront saves headaches later. Network status affects everything else. In-network providers get better rates and easier approvals. Out-of-network care costs patients more and creates extra paperwork. Always confirm your network status for each patient’s specific plan. Prior authorization requirements can kill claims if missed. Many procedures need advanced approval from insurance companies. Skip this step, and they won’t pay anything, even for covered services. Why is VOB important in Medical Billing? The importance of VOB in revenue cycle management shows up in practice in bank accounts. Providers who skip verification steps see more claim denials, slower payments, and frustrated patients. Those who verify benefits upfront run smoother operations and collect money faster. Patient relationships improve dramatically when cost discussions happen before treatment. Nobody likes surprise medical bills. When you can tell patients their expected costs upfront, they appreciate the transparency. This builds trust and reduces payment disputes. Insurance coverage verification helps practices follow all the insurance company rules. Each insurer has different requirements for documentation, approvals, and billing procedures. Understanding these rules beforehand keeps claims from getting rejected for technical reasons. Bad debt drops significantly when practices collect money at service time. If you know the patient owes a $50 copay, collect it during the visit. Chasing payments later through bills and collection calls costs more time and money than upfront collection. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation How does the VOB Process work? How to perform VOB starts when patients schedule appointments. Office staff should gather complete insurance information, not when patients arrive for treatment. This includes primary insurance, secondary coverage if they have it, and current policy details. Electronic checking usually comes first. Medical insurance VOB systems connect to major insurance databases and pull coverage information instantly. These tools work well for basic verification but sometimes miss important details about specific benefits or restrictions. Phone verification fills in the gaps. Calling insurance companies directly takes more time but provides detailed answers about complex coverage questions. Keep good notes about who you talked to and what they said. Insurance reps sometimes give wrong information, so documentation protects your practice. VOB before treatment timing matters for different service types. Routine appointments need verification a few days ahead. This gives time to handle any problems discovered. Emergencies require immediate verification, but some checking is better than none. VOB for outpatient services tends to be simpler than inpatient procedures. Outpatient care usually involves fewer approvals and less complex billing. But don’t skip the basic steps just because it seems routine. Regular re-verification helps with ongoing treatments. Insurance benefits can change monthly. Annual deductibles reset in January. Coverage that worked last month might not work this month, especially for patients getting regular care. Common Challenges in VOB Common VOB errors often start with bad patient information. People carry old insurance cards, forget about secondary coverage, or don’t understand their benefits. Starting with wrong information leads to wrong verification results. Insurance company systems create their problems. Computer databases don’t always match current coverage details. Representatives sometimes give conflicting information about the same patient. These inconsistencies make verification frustrating and time-consuming. VOB denial reasons include missing authorizations, using the wrong procedure codes, and exceeding benefit limits. Many practices see patterns in their denials that could be prevented with better upfront verification. Staff training gaps cause expensive mistakes. If team members don’t know proper verification procedures, they skip important steps or document things incorrectly. Regular training updates help prevent these costly errors. Busy practices sometimes rush through verification to save time. This penny-wise, pound-foolish approach leads to bigger
EOR in Medical Billing: Meaning, Process, Denials & Appeal Guide In the complex medical billing arena, coders, billing personnel, and medical providers should be aware of payment processes. Among the essential documents to this process is the Explanation of Review, or EOR. Although often confused with other documents like EOBs or remittance advice, the EOR has a different purpose in ensuring proper claim processing, denial, and appeal. This article will walk you step by step through everything you wish to know about EOR, from what it is and how to interpret it to denials and appeals. What is Medical Billing EOR? The EOR meaning in insurance definition is the explanation of review medical billing, which is a third-party payer’s or insurance company’s notice that describes how a medical claim EOR was processed. It can contain details like disallowed charges, allowed charges, payment, and the reason for any adjustments or denials. Most providers ask, What is EOR in medical billing? In short, it is a description of the insurer or third-party administrator’s decision on reviewing a healthcare claim submitted. It allows providers to be aware of reimbursement status and if any follow-up action, like an appeal, is needed. EOR Components A EOR document in healthcare typically includes: Patient details and reference number for the claim Service dates and CPT/HCPCS codes Billed charges and allowed amounts Denial codes and explanations Amount paid (if any) Payer comments Reasons or explanations for adjustments These components help billing staff balance payments and detect anomalies. It is necessary to understand EOR descriptions and codes to accurately interpret the document. EOR Process: A Step-by-Step Guide The payor EOR process begins when a healthcare provider initiates a claim after providing medical services. The following describes how it unfolds: Claim Submission: The physician submits an accurate bill to the payer. Claim Review: The payer EOR process reviews the claim for medical necessity, coding compliance, and coverage under the plan. EOR Generation: Upon review, the payer issues an EOR stating how the claim has been processed and how much is going to be paid. Claim Payment/Adjustment: Pay is released according to the EOR, or adjustments are made. Provider Review: The provider verifies the EOR to confirm accuracy in payment or to identify inconsistencies. Follow-up: Upon denial or error, the provider can initiate an EOR appeal process. The entire process is crucial for timely payments and precise finances in health care facilities. Common Reasons for Denials in EOR There are a number of EOR denial reasons that can occur and ultimately impact the payment. Some of the most frequent include Incorrect or inadequate patient information Incorrect CPT or diagnosis codes Services that are not covered by the patient’s plan Not pre-authorizing Missing documentation or clinical notes Billing the same service twice Service deemed medically unnecessary When these kinds of issues arise, the payer will include denial codes and concise explanations in the EOR to help providers understand the reasons for non-payment or partial payment determination. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation How to Read and Understand an EOR For billing teams and providers, it is very important to be able to read EOR so that claim reconciliation and revenue cycle can be accurately managed. An EOR can appear technical, but demystifying it makes a difference. Check Patient and Claim Info: Make sure it is what was submitted. Compare Charged vs. Allowed: Look at what insurance considers reasonable. Review Denial or Adjustment Codes: Each code is a reason for denial or adjustment. These are important to know. Analyze Paid Amounts: Look at how much was paid and determine whether it meets your expectations. Search for Explanatory Notes: The majority of EORs have narrative comments or remarks that provide context. Healthcare professionals often equate the EOR to the EOB. During the EOR vs EOB controversy, notice that even though both are payer-issued documents, an EOB is patient-facing, while an EOR is provider-facing with more billing-related information. Appeal Process Following an EOR Denial When a provider disagrees with an EOR outcome, the secondary action is the appeal process of an EOR. This includes filing an appeal to the insurer, accompanied by documents that refute the denial or adjustment. Steps in the Appeal Process: Careful Reading of the EOR: Check the denial code and reason. Gathering of Documentation: These include medical history, physician documentation, or claims reprocessing. Prepare a Legible Appeal Letter: Fill in patient and claim data, state how the denial is incorrect, and attach proof. Mail to the Correct Department: Ensure it’s sent to the payer’s appeals department by the time limit. Appeals typically result in payment reversals, especially if aided by proper documentation. Knowing how to operate claim adjustments in EOR as well, some are fixed, and others reverse on appeal, is also essential. Tips for Successful EOR Management Successful management of EOR is key to revenue leakage containment. The following are some essential tips: Train Billing Teams: Make them masters at reading EOR on the bill and familiar with denial codes. Utilize Practice Management Software: These programs assist with matching claims, EORs, and payments faster. Develop Standardized Appeal Templates: Saves time when appealing denials. Track Trends: If particular services are constantly denied, this can assist in identifying underlying issues. Deal with Payers: Develop relationships and request clarifications if an EOR is ambiguous. For complex or high-volume claims, practitioners frequently outsource billing to third-party EORs in billing specialists to handle the nuances of payer communication and appeals. Conclusion EORs are an integral part of the medical billing process. They serve as a guide to learning how claims become audited, adjusted, and reimbursed by insurance. Like EOR vs remittance advice but with specific details critical in revenue cycle management, the EOR is an important tool in the insurance billing process. Understanding the difference between EOR and remittance advice is
EOB in Medical Billing: How to Read and Understand Your Explanation of Benefits When your insurance is billed and you receive your health care, in the end, you will be receiving your Explanation of Benefits, better known as your EOB. The letter is typically confusingly mistaken for being a bill, but this precious piece of paper is used for a completely different purpose. Explanation of benefits in medical billing provides the patient and provider an easy-to-read breakdown of the way in which the insurance company has processed the claim, the amount paid by them, and what the patient will pay. But because it is so significant, most patients will forget the EOB or never even comprehend it, subsequently resulting in confusion, overpayment, or missed problems. This tutorial will assist you in knowing precisely what the EOB is, what it means, and how you might employ it for your benefit. What is an EOB? EOB is an explanation of benefits in the context of health care, and it is an appropriate notice from your insurer describing how a health claim was processed. It will contain important information like what kind of service you received, what the healthcare provider billed you for, what your insurance paid out, and what remaining amount you are supposed to pay. This is not a bill. But it’s worth knowing and reading because it affects your overall healthcare cost and can signify whether action is required by you, such as paying a balance or contesting a denied claim. The Difference Between EOB and a Medical Bill One of the most frequent patient misconceptions is finding the difference between the EOB and the medical bill. Even though they look the same and are both costs of healthcare, they have very different purposes. The EOB is yours from your insurance company. It is a report that explains how they handled the claim that was filed by your healthcare provider. The medical bill, however, is your hospital, clinic, or doctor’s request to pay. The two can be compared to ensure accuracy, ensure insurance pays, and find billing errors. How to Read an EOB Fewer than half of patients aren’t certain what to do with an EOB, and that creates an opportunity for billing errors or claims denials to fall through the cracks. A standard EOB has a few key items: Patient Information: Your name and insurance ID number. Provider Information: Name and address of the health care provider who rendered the services. Description of Service: Medical service rendered and date of treatment. Amount Billed: The provider charges billed to the insurer for payment. Allowed Amount: The insurer’s ruling of what was reasonable for the service. Paid Amount: What your insurer paid to the provider. Patient Responsibility: Any amount you pay out-of-pocket, e.g., deductibles, coinsurance, or not covered services. Remark Codes: Usually abbreviated and defined at the end of the document, these stipulate adjustments or denials. Familiarity with these areas ensures that you know where your funds are being spent and what you can expect in the way of financial responsibilities. Example EOB Medical Billing – Without the Confusion In order to understand an example of a sample EOB medical billing form, it is simpler to think in terms of a specific example. Suppose you had a medical test that cost you $300. Your insurance company can cover just $200 as billable under your policy, reimburse $150 of it, and charge you the rest of $50. While this is not indicated in a table here, the EOB would mention each of these items briefly. Going over these figures and comparing them to your doctor’s bill allows you to detect discrepancies early. This way, your payment responsibility is accurate and your insurance coverage is working as intended. The Role of EOB in Claim Processing It is important that the providers as well as the patients know the role of EOB in claim processing. To the insurance providers, the EOB can serve as a communication channel to facilitate transparency. To the patients, it provides the scope to check the claim processing and detect errors or omissions. It also assists medical offices in reconciling claims against payments and posting patient accounts correctly. Incomplete or inaccurate EOBs can disrupt billing cycles or overcharge patients. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Justification for EOB Denials Your EOB sometimes indicates a service as denied or partly paid. Such reasons for EOB denial are justified in the form of codes or short descriptions on the EOB. Some such common causes are: The service was not covered under your plan of insurance. The provider did not have prior authorization. The claim was late in submission. The data were incorrect or insufficient. The service was not deemed medically necessary. When your EOB denies, you need to follow up. Sometimes a call can get things sorted out quickly, or you are filing a protest. How EOB Affects Medical Billing It is important to understand how EOB affects medical billing is important. The EOB indicates the amount your insurer has paid and the balance, if any, that still needs to be paid by you. Providers use the information in the EOB to update your account and provide accurate bills. If you don’t read or understand your EOB, you could overpay or be charged for already-covered services. Providers may also fail to bill you for legitimate patient responsibilities, resulting in surprise balances or collections later on. EOB Codes and Descriptions Explained Most EOBs include different short codes that are difficult to decipher at first glance. These EOB codes and descriptions are employed by insurance firms as fast reference points for payment, adjustment, or denial explanations. For example, a code can indicate the procedure was only partly reimbursed, or a repeat claim. A majority of codes also include their descriptions in the back or bottom of the EOB. It is well worth the effort to study these codes, especially if you
All You Need To Know About Adjudication in Medical Billing Of all the processes in the health care business, claim adjudication is likely the most important yet most misunderstood. When a patient receives treatment, the health care organization will file a claim with the insurance carrier in an attempt to be reimbursed for the services rendered. The claim is put through a stringent review process before it is accepted, paid partially, or denied. This option, a review, preserves precision, insurance policy adherence, and equity in compensation. It is self-explanatory, which makes providers and patients conscious of the complexities of medical billing and coding and avoids money surprises and procrastination. What Is Adjudication in Medical Billing? Over a few patients and even physicians are left wondering, What is adjudication in healthcare? In short, adjudication is the action taken by the insurance companies to settle medical claims and verify whether the claim is valid and must be paid. This is one of the actions that fall within the overall process of medical coding and billing and is an important component in making sure that payments are accurate and timely. Adjudication verifies the information in the claim, such as what kind of service was done, whether or not the treatment was medically necessary, and whether or not the patient’s policy pays for it. If it is all correct, the insurer pays the provider minus patient responsibility, such as deductibles and co-pays. Key Steps in the Adjudication Process Medical claim adjudication is a step-by-step process in which each step in claim adjudication is designed to validate and verify the received claim. Providing knowledge of these steps will help minimize errors and maximize payment cycles. Claim Submission The provider submits the claim either electronically or in hard copy to the payer. The claim includes patient data, procedure codes, diagnosis codes, and charges. Initial Review The payer verifies that the claim is complete and formatted correctly. Incomplete or badly formatted claims are generally rejected at this stage. These are not denials but must be corrected before resubmission. Eligibility and Coverage Check The insurance company reviews the policy of the patient to confirm whether or not the service is covered. It also verifies if the prior authorization, if it is necessary, has been requested. Prior authorization and adjudication go hand in hand, and it is crucial because claim denial reasons can be made despite the service being medically necessary without an authorization request. Medical Necessity Review The payer determines if the treatment is according to contemporary medical practice. The treatments considered unnecessary can be decreased or payment refused. Benefit Determination The payer pays out based on the terms of coverage. The deductible, co-pay, and coinsurance percentages are utilized in this case. Payment or Denial Issued After all the reviews are done, the payer makes a decision. Providers get an explanation of benefits (EOB), reporting how the claim was adjudicated, how much was paid, and patient responsibility. Every stage of the claim adjudication process is the basis of the payer’s decision and directly affects the provider’s income and the patient’s cost. Common Adjudication Outcomes The process of payer adjudication can lead to numerous outcomes, and each outcome varies for the patient and provider. Approved Claims: In case of complete compliance with all the criteria, the claims get approved, and payment is provided to the provider. Partially Approved Claims: The payer pays partially for the services, and the balance is as patient’s responsibility. Denied Claims: The claim is denied for reasons such as incomplete information, not being a part of the policy, or not fulfilling policy conditions. These are a few of the reasons for claim denials, and providers must address these at an early stage to avoid a loss in revenue. Pending or Under Review: Some claims need extra information to be provided before making a final decision. Payors like to receive clean claims as opposed to denied claims since clean claims are reimbursed promptly and are less likely to be contested. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Factors That Impact Adjudication Several factors might influence the adjudication cycle and the insurance adjudication in medical billing, such as: Accuracy of Claim Data: Mistaken calculations or inaccuracies in patient demographics, coding, or provider data typically lead to delays. Policy Coverage: If the service is excluded under the patient’s policy, then the claim is automatically denied. Medical Necessity Documentation: Payments are not made if the documents are illegible or of poor quality. Use of Technology: Adjudication software health systems are used by some payers in a bid to avoid human error but strictly following coding guidelines. Timely Filing: Late filing of claims may result in automatic denial. Pre-Authorization: Pre-authorization services of all kinds must meet payer requirements so that they do not result in denials. These are the reasons why speed and accuracy in claim submission are paramount for providers and patients. Importance of Adjudication for Providers and Patients The question that arises is, why adjudication of healthcare and how is it such a huge deal? For healthcare providers, adjudication ensures they of fair reimbursement on time for what they do. It is one of revenue cycle management’s processes that has a very real and deep effect on the financial health of a healthcare organization. For patients, adjudication provides transparent and accountable medical claim processing. Healthcare claim processing ensures medically necessary and covered treatments are billed separately. The medical billing claim approval process in medical billing protects patients from paying for treatments their insurance covers. Patients can also verify their explanation of benefits (EOB) to verify accuracy and detect discrepancies. Tips for Smoother Adjudication To minimize delays and optimize reimbursements, providers have to do their best: Submit Clean Claims Make claims precise, complete, and coded correctly. This reduces rejections and denials. Verify Patient Eligibility in Advance Verify insurance coverage before the appointment to avoid surprises later on. Obtain Prior Authorization When Necessary Failure to do so is among the most
Cloud Asset Management: Optimize and Track Your Cloud Resources Effectively With digitalization, there is the age of cloud computing, where business organizations rely more and more on cloud technology to enhance productivity, reduce operational costs, and grow at a frenetic pace. As cloud infrastructure grows, however, there are higher complexities in managing and cloud resource tracking. This is where Cloud Asset Management becomes critical. What is Cloud Asset Management? It is the structured process of monitoring, maintaining, and optimizing cloud assets such as storage, compute capacity, applications, and data services. Whatever your cloud environment, AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, or if you’re utilizing SaaS asset management solutions, a thoughtful plan keeps your assets safe, efficient, and compliant. What Is Cloud Asset Management? Cloud Asset Management (CAM) involves maintaining an accurate inventory of cloud-based digital assets and monitoring their usage, lifecycle, compliance, and cost. It is not just cloud inventory management; it’s more about attaining cloud security and asset control on hybrid or multi-cloud infrastructures. A well-executed CAM system advantages businesses in the following advantages for businesses: Avoids over-provisioning and wasteful expenditures Offers software license tracking Enforces security policies Eases audits Guarantees business continuity Cloud asset tracking ensures that no asset is left unguarded or wild. With more and more companies maturing in cloud infrastructure management, CAM becomes an enterprise-critical process. Why Cloud Asset Management Is Critical Cloud resource monitoring has grown in recent years, and businesses must cope with visibility, security, and cost concerns. Traditional IT asset management in cloud infrastructure is no longer sufficient. Infrastructure today is dynamic, and resources are created and destroyed on an as-needed basis. Reasons why CAM is important include: Cost Management: Without monitoring, cloud costs can spiral out of control. Maximum cloud cost optimization ensures resources are matched to true utilization. Compliance: Compliance regulations like GDPR and HIPAA mandate that you have insights on where data is sitting and who is accessing it. Security: Orphaned assets are most frequently employed in cyberattacks. Monitoring puts the kibosh on risks. Operational Efficiency: Automated cloud asset discovery tools and audits put an end to time and human error. Essential Elements of Successful Cloud Asset Management To develop an effective strategy, several essential items must be dealt with: 1. Asset Discovery Asset discovery tools for the cloud enable organizations to scan their environments to locate all assets in use, whether it is a virtual machine, container, database, or SaaS product. Discovery forms the foundation for asset tracking. 2. Inventory Management This is done by documenting all your cloud assets, purpose, configuration, ownership, and status. Effective cloud inventory management makes it dynamic and real-time. 3. Configuration Management Cloud configuration management enables effective setup of assets and compliance with policies. Misconfigured assets are a primary source of vulnerabilities. 4. Lifecycle Tracking Each cloud asset has a lifecycle, from creation to retirement. Asset lifecycle in cloud environments must be monitored in order to update, patch, renew, and decommission properly. 5. Integration with Security Tools Asset management and cloud security are synonymous. Your asset management system should be integrated with firewalls, SIEM products, and identity management tools to provide improved protection. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Tools and Platforms for Cloud Asset Management Numerous platforms support cloud asset management efficiently. The finest tools offer visibility, automation, and integration. Some of them include: AWS Config and AWS Asset Manager Azure Resource Graph Google Cloud Asset Inventory ServiceNow ITAM for software asset management (SAM) Flexera Cloud Management Platform Snow Software for digital asset management in cloud These options help enterprises gain multi-cloud asset visibility, IT-finance alignment, and a clean and optimized cloud structure. Best Practices for Optimizing Cloud Resources To stay ahead of the game, businesses must bring CAM practices in line with best practices: 1. Asset Discovery Automation Tracking manually is no longer a choice. Use cloud asset discovery tools to automate real-time identification of changes in your environment. 2. Centralized Asset Repository Centralization supports sharing asset information across teams, enhancing collaboration and accountability. 3. Tagging and Metadata Standards Assign metadata to every asset (owner, cost center, purpose) to ease categorization and budgeting. 4. Align with a SaaS migration strategy Align asset management with your SaaS transition plan during the migration from legacy to cloud. Know what is being migrated and how it is managed after SaaS migration. 5. Focus on cloud cost optimization Review utilization and rightsizing opportunities from time to time. Retire idle assets or move to reserved capacity where appropriate. 6. Configure Alerts and Policies Alerts for non-compliant configuration, unexpected usage, or cost spikes allow for early action. 7. Regular Audits Monitor and refresh your cloud asset tracking information from time to time. This keeps your system current and helps with better decision-making. Challenges in Handling Cloud Assets While essential, CAM also has its challenges: Scalability: As businesses grow, so do assets. It is hard to keep pace without automating. Shadow IT: End-users spin up services without the IT department’s knowledge, and thus unknown or unseen assets are created. Lack of Standardization: Cloud providers use different naming conventions, making it hard to track in harmony. Security Gaps: Misconfigured or orphaned assets risk being targeted by attackers. Budget Issues: Without tracking, IT budgets can never be balanced with real usage, and overspend happens. Mitigating these challenges requires spending money on tools, training, and policies that focus on present-day cloud environments. Tools for Cloud Asset Management Let’s go through and mark the products easing cloud asset management: ServiceNow ITAM – a large-enterprise-class solution to monitor software and hardware
SaaS Migration: Strategy, Challenges, Tools & Implementation Guide With more and more businesses adopting digital transformation, Software as a Service (SaaS) is on the way to becoming the new norm in software deployment. The on-premises software of the past, though widespread, is giving way to cloud-native applications due to the fact that they are flexible, low-priced, and scalable. Migrating to SaaS allows companies to de-clutter the process, transfer the infrastructure burden, and gain real-time access to mission-critical applications. SaaS migration is the process of moving legacy systems, applications, or data from hosted or SaaS to on-premise-based cloud environments. But it’s no walk in the park. Strategic planning, correct tool identification, and best tackling technical and organizational SaaS migration challenges come into play. What is SaaS Migration? SaaS migration is the relocation of software programs, data, and IT infrastructure from on-premises or traditional platforms to a SaaS platform that is in the cloud. Migration can involve the relocation of proprietary platforms, customer-facing software solutions, back-office software, and databases to subscription-based new cloud solutions. As opposed to the traditional software which is required to be downloaded and installed, SaaS applications are visited through web browsers and hosted by third-party sources. Not only does this restrict maintenance activities, but also gives access to automatic updates, remote connections, and platform compatibility with other cloud apps. Companies carrying out SaaS migration checklist aim at: Improving scalability Reducing costs Improving performance and availability Improving security and compliance of data Reducing dependence on physical infrastructure SaaS Migration Strategy There must be a successful SaaS migration strategy to avoid business disruption and ensure effective usage. The following are the necessities of a great SaaS transition roadmap: 1. Business Case Assessment Begin by defining why your business must migrate. Determine the value proposition, i.e., reduced IT burden, improved customer experience, or improved agility. This is to synchronize technical objectives with business objectives. 2. Application Inventory & Prioritization Define all legacy systems and their existing performance, interdependencies, and business significance. Applications can be ranked to proceed by complexity, risk, and significance. 3. Data Audit Conduct a data audit to understand what needs to be migrated. Consider data volume, data structure, sensitivity, and compliance requirements. Also, do data cleansing to eliminate duplicates or outdated data. 4. Define a Migration Model Select the way you want to migrate: Rehosting (Lift and shift) Refactoring (Rebuilding for cloud compatibility) Rebuilding (Designing the app from scratch for SaaS) Replacing (Deploying a new SaaS solution) All are cost- and time-based. 5. Security & Compliance Planning Make the SaaS platform compliance-aware concerning standards such as GDPR, HIPAA, or SOC 2. Implement security controls for data encryption, user access, and system monitoring. Typical Challenges in SaaS Migration SaaS migration also comes with its own set of problems. Expecting them can avert risks: 1. Data Migration Issues Mass SaaS data migration from old systems to SaaS can be challenging. Inconsistencies in formats, data loss, and downtime are some of the concerns. 2. Application Incompatibility Old applications may be incompatible with the cloud SaaS migration. Codebases with antiquated code or homegrown applications may require enormous refactoring. 3. Resistance to Change Resistance by employees or technical incapacity can be an impediment to the uptake. Training and metamorphosis are very crucial. 4. Issues in Integration SaaS integration services in applications with installed software or third-party applications may require custom APIs or middleware. 5. Compliance & Legal Issues Healthcare, financial, or government spaces need to meet strict data handling protocols. Cloud providers should be able to meet such demands. 6. Cost Blowouts Inadequate planning or downplaying of resources will lead to runaway project costs, especially when re-engineering is unexpected. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Key SaaS Migration Tools & Platforms SaaS migration success will greatly rely on the tools and platforms used. The SaaS migration tools enable planning, automation, integration, and monitoring. 1. Migration Tools CloudEndure for low-downtime real-time replication AWS Migration Hub for SaaS application migration status monitoring Azure Migrate for planning workload and on-prem migration Google Migrate for Compute Engine 2. Integration Platforms MuleSoft and Zapier for app integration through APIs Dell Boomi for application and data integration within the SaaS environment 3. Monitoring Tools Datadog and New Relic, SaaS management tools, for app performance monitoring during and after migration. CloudWatch for AWS and log real-time monitoring Implementation Guide: Step-by-Step SaaS Migration Use this step-by-step SaaS implementation process guide to realize a planned and successful migration process: Step 1: Pre-Migration Assessment Evaluate business goals and analyze current infrastructure Conduct technical feasibility study Assign a migration team with clearly defined job responsibilities Step 2: Define Scope and Timeline Divide the project into phases Allocate success criteria and milestones Create fallback and rollback plans Step 3: Prepare Data Backup all data in locations Sanitize and validate the datasets Map fields of legacy to SaaS migration fields Step 4: Choose SaaS Provider and Tools Select a vendor with the ability to deliver performance, security, and regulatory compliance Review SLAs, data retention, and disaster recovery processes Step 5: Migration Execution Start with low-risk or pilot applications Use automation wherever possible to reduce errors Ramp up migration monitoring Step 6: Testing and Validation Test performance, functionality, and integration Assert data integrity and completeness
The Ultimate Cloud Migration Guide: Steps, Advantages & Best Practices The cloud-first age is here, and cloud migration is no longer a fantasy but a reality. Organizations of all shapes and sizes are setting aside conventional hardware and software to migrate to cloud infrastructure in hopes of greater scalability, reduced cost, and innovation. Cloud migration is not paste-data-into-the-cloud, though. It takes planning, deployment, and maintenance to make it so. This manual holds your hand in hand through cloud migration fundamentals: what, cloud migration assessment, advantages, the important stages involved, best practices, and avoiding pitfalls. Translating applications, information, or full workloads, proper cloud migration is the solution to a seamless, smooth, and safe transfer. What is Cloud Migration? Cloud migration is the movement of digital assets, data, applications, IT infrastructure, and workloads off-premises or between clouds. Cloud migration can include: Migration of on-premises servers to a public cloud such as AWS, Azure, or Google Cloud. Migration between providers. Application migration to cloud between one cloud platform and another in a hybrid or multi-cloud approach. Cloud migration is not technology change but business change that can redefine how companies innovate, operate, and expand. Benefits of Migration to Cloud Migration to the cloud has a huge array of business and technology advantages that make it extremely hard for traditional on-premise infrastructure to compete. Let’s discuss some of the most popular benefits of cloud migration: 1. Cost Optimization Migration to the cloud keeps the capital expense (CapEx) more optimized by removing the need to purchase expensive hardware and physical data centers. Organizations can minimize operation cloud migration cost by a significant percentage on a pay-as-you-use basis. 2. Scalability and Flexibility Cloud infrastructure migration provide scaling in and out of resources based on their need. It is suitable for organizations that have workloads periodically or seasonally. 3. Enhanced Performance Cloud vendors provide great computing resources, global CDNs, and low-latency access, i.e. quick response time and good user experience. 4. Enhanced Security Features The cloud infrastructure that has been futuristically secured comes with inherent security measures like data encryption, IAM, compliance, and threat protection. Updates and patches are done from time to time on these platforms to keep them safe. 5. Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Cloud structures allow for greater harnessing of technologies such as AI, ML, big data analytics, and IoT in the pursuit of digital transformation. 6. Access to Advanced Technologies The Cloud acts as an enabler to newer generation technologies such as AI, ML, Big Data analytics, and IoT to effect digital transformation. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Key Processes Involved In Cloud Migration Think of your cloud migration plan as much more than the copying of your data; it entails planning, staging, implementation, and testing. 1. Audit for Cloud Migration Start with the painstaking collection of documents about your existing infrastructure from A to Z. List carefully all applications, systems, and data sets that will be migrating. Determine costs, compatibility, performance requirements, and business requirements. 2. Decide on a Cloud Strategy Private Cloud hybrid cloud migration Multi-Cloud And select your migration method, which can be: Rehosting (lift and shift) Refactoring (re-architecting the application) Replatforming (changing the existing application but not rewriting) Repurchasing (migration to a SaaS platform) 3. Select Cloud Migration Tools and Services Use proven and reliable such as AWS Migration Hub, Azure Migrate, or third-party solutions such as CloudEndure and Zerto, to carry out data migration to cloud, monitoring, and automation. Cloud migration-partnered partners can effectively and reasonably price plan and carry out top-level migrations. 4. Migration and Testing Thoroughly test migrated applications and data in the test environment before deploying to production. No downtime, no lost data, no compatibility. Do: Unit testing Load testing Security testing 5. Cutover and Execution Move your workloads according to the timeline of the schedule. Optimize downtime by migrating during off-hours when traffic is minimal. 6. Post-Migration Optimization Monitor end-user satisfaction, cost, and performance after the migration. Streamline your cloud architecture for cloud-native features like auto-scaling, serverless, and managed databases. Best Practices to Facilitate Successful Cloud Migration Apply cloud migration best practices low risk high ROI: 1. Involve Stakeholders Early Involve IT, operations, finance, and end-users early. Determine roles, expectations, and success factors in common. 2. Pilot Small Pilot in low-risk environments or data. Run the process to get your cloud migration process to kick off before addressing high-risk apps. 3. Leverage Compliance and Security Bake compliance controls in (i.e., GDPR, HIPAA) first. IAM policies, firewalls, and encryption are used to secure sensitive data during transit and after migration. 4. Automate Where Possible Provisioning automation tools, config tools, test tools, and deployment tools. Migration was performed faster and human error opportunities reduced with automation. 5. Monitor Everything Use cloud monitoring software to track performance, resource utilization, error logs, and user behavior. Cloud observability is necessary so that systems can perform at optimal levels. 6. Train Your Teams Upskill your IT and DevOps teams with cloud training and certification so that they can handle the new world effectively. Common Issues and Avoidance While cloud migration challenges is worth it, it also has issues to be avoided right from the start. 1. Downtime and Data Loss Unrecoverable downtime during migration results in business interruption loss. Employ backup tools, staged roll-outs, and failover procedures to prevent risk. 2. Cost Overruns Unexpected expenditures are most often brought about by poor planning or resource consumption. Utilize cloud cost management tools to track consumption and wastage elimination. 3. Compatibility Issues Vintage applications may be run across cloud infrastructures. Repaint or refactor applications to address the requirements of cloud-native architecture. 4. Security Risks Information in transit can be compromised. Provide end-to-end encryption and secure migration routes. Scan
What Is Cloud Native? Architecture, Benefits & Current Deployment Trends Companies currently wish to deploy software quickly, more flexibly, scalably, and reliably. All of these are now out of reach for them with the traditional monolithic apps of yesteryears. Save the day, say hello to cloud-native application development, a method specifically formulated for today’s cloud infrastructure. With cloud native architecture, businesses can create, operate, and scale apps quicker than ever. The book delves into what exactly is cloud-native, its components, advantages, options for deployment, and how it diverges from traditional software development practices. What Is Cloud Native? Cloud-native is software development that leverages cloud computing to build and execute scalable applications in the rapidly evolving fields of the day, like public, private, and hybrid clouds. “Cloud native” is not a cloud-hosting-related term; it’s native cloud infrastructure software development with maximum utilization of the elasticity, scalability, and automation available. Cloud-native applications are designed with the help of microservices, containers, DevOps pipeline, and CI/CD pipeline to provide quick development and the reliability of the software. In simple words, cloud-native modern application development is a method to design applications fault-tolerant, manageable, observable, and scalable in terms of nature. Key Building Blocks of Cloud-Native Architecture A genuine cloud-native application is built on some independent components: 1. Microservices Architecture Applications are partitioned into autonomous, smaller services that can be independently developed, deployed, and managed. This translates into quicker agility and fault isolation. 2. Containerization Containers like Docker containers package an application and its dependencies into a single unit. This gives environmental consistency and simplicity of deployment. 3. Kubernetes Kubernetes is today’s most popular container orchestration platform. It’s tasked with automating application containerized deployment, scaling, and management, and it’s at the center of cloud-native architecture today. 4. DevOps and Automation DevOps connects software development and operations in IT. In cloud-native, it heavily emphasizes automation, monitoring, logging, and feedback loops to facilitate rapid iteration and delivery. 5. Serverless Computing Serverless computing allows programmers to concentrate on code without worrying about infrastructure. AWS Lambda and Azure Functions handle infrastructure, therefore making it efficient and quicker in output. 6. CI/CD Pipelines Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD) are critically necessary for continuous testing and error-free delivery of software in cloud-native systems. Benefits of Cloud-Native Development The benefits of cloud native application development are of inestimable value to businesses of all sizes: 1. Scalability Applications may be scaled horizontally with minimal effort. Between 1,000 and a million users, cloud-native infrastructure will increase or decrease as needed. 2. Fault Tolerance and Resilience Since they’re built in microservices and distributed in nature, cloud-native applications will fail back and isolate away from failures in the blink of an eye without affecting the entire system, meaning there is resilience in cloud systems. 3. Time to Market DevOps culture and CI/CD pipelines facilitate fast release cycles, wherein companies can release features and patches quickly and securely. 4. Portability and Flexibility Thanks to containers and orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes, cloud-native applications can deploy on any infrastructure, public cloud, private datacenter, or hybrid, without hassle. 5. Cost Efficiency Thanks to dynamic resource provisioning and serverless computing, companies only pay for what they use, and infrastructure costs drop by leaps and bounds. 6. Improvement in Developer Productivity Automation, observation, and utilization of module services avoid the risk of human error and allow the developers to concentrate on creativity. Book Your Free Marketing Consultation Cloud Native Deployment Patterns Cloud native deployment patterns have revolutionized the process of deploying and executing fully functional apps. The most commonly utilized patterns are illustrated below: 1. Blue-Green Deployment It has two built-in states. One is in active use (Blue), and the other (Green) is also in use as a staging phase for fresh releases. It redirects traffic to the Green environment upon testing with zero downtime. 2. Canary Releases In canary releases, new functionality goes live initially to a subset of customers. Based on feedback and infrastructure wellness, the release is rolled out to all incrementally. This reduces risk. 3. Rolling Updates A single deployment is rolled out sequentially by way of one-for-one replacement instances. This does not result in downtime and lets bugs be discovered early. 4. Feature Toggles Also referred to as feature flags, the practice enables teams to turn features on and off in production without new code releases. It aids rollouts and A/B testing. 5. Immutable Infrastructure Rather than altering executing systems, infrastructure versions are replaced and made available. That’s simpler to understand and roll-back-safe when it finally breaks. Cloud-Native vs. Monolithic Applications Now let’s discuss how cloud native vs traditional apps (monolithic) are different from one another: Architecture: Legacy apps are monolithic; cloud-native apps are microservices-based. Deployment: Legacy apps are deployed manually; cloud-native apps leverage automated CI/CD. Infrastructure: Legacy apps are mapped to single servers; cloud-natives deploy to virtualized infrastructures or containers. Scalability: Legacy apps scale vertically by adding hardware; and cloud-native apps scale horizontally with significantly less effort. Resiliency: Legacy apps have a point of failure; while resiliency is the very essence of cloud-native apps. Cloud-native apps are developed to be resiliency-driven, high-performance, and agile but the traditional ones are developed to be control- and stability-driven but without flexibility. Challenges and Considerations While cloud-native does have its strengths, there are some limitations that it is also going through: 1. Complexity Microservices and containers across environments bring along the requirement of skills and tools like Kubernetes, Helm, and Istio to deal with. 2. Security Distributed systems and increased deployment rates expose them to danger. End-to-end security policy has to be enforced with automated testing. 3. Monitoring and Observability More distributed elements in the system require cloud-native system advanced monitoring. Older enterprise cloud solutions cannot be employed. 4. Team Training DevOps, CI/CD, and Kubernetes require different skill sets. Organizations will have to incur costs on up-skilling already present teams or bringing new teams onboard. 5. Vendor
